Institutional Review Board (IRB)/Independent Ethics Committee (IEC)

ICH E6(R3) – An independent body (a review board or a committee, institutional, regional, national or supranational) constituted of medical professionals and non-medical members whose responsibility it is to ensure the protection of the rights, safety and well-being of human participants involved in a trial and to provide public assurance of that protection by, among other things, reviewing and approving/providing favorable opinion on the trial protocol, the suitability of the investigator(s), the facilities, and the methods and material to be used in obtaining and documenting informed consent of the trial participants. The legal status, composition, function, operations and regulatory requirements pertaining to IRBs/IECs may differ among countries but should allow the IRB/IEC to act in agreement with GCP as described in this guideline.

MRCT – A team of people who review studies to protect the rights and welfare of study participants.
https://mrctcenter.org/glossaryterm/institutional-review-board-irb/

CDISC-Gloss – An independent body constituted of medical, scientific, and non-scientific members, whose responsibility it is to ensure the protection of the rights, safety, and well- being of human subjects involved in a study by, among other things, reviewing, approving, and providing continuing review of study protocol and of the methods and material to be used in obtaining and documenting informed consent of the study subjects. [ICH E6 1.31]